Excellent question. The industry has wrestled with this for the last 40+ years and while Pat Hardy and JoAnn Bell (founders of PAII) provided a guideline decades ago, it was simply that -- their opinion.
Here's essentially what they said:
- A “home stay” is an owned-occupied private home where the business of renting rooms is secondary to its use as a private residence, with breakfast the only meal served.
- A “bed-and-breakfast inn” is both a home for its owners and a lodging establishment, usually operated at a higher level of professionalism than a home stay.
- “Country inns” are similar to B&Bs, but also serve an evening meal in addition to breakfast, with price generally included in the room rate.
At some point Holiday Inn and the like decided to start offering breakfast and co-opted the term "Bed and Breakfast" but nobody was fooled nor confused. Likewise, AirBnB co-opted the term "BnB" and again, nobody seems to have been fooled nor confused. So while there's a lot of anger out there about all the term co-opting, the name itself really hasn't affected everything in my experience and professional opinion. This is not to say the B&B market hasn't been affected by Holiday Inn nor the emergence of AirBnB -- just that the name isn't the main issue IMO.
Okay, back to the question at hand. Here's how I classify properties and advise them to be named.
- Vacation Rental (you get the entire property)
- Motel (you drive up to your door)
- Bed and Breakfast (host generally lives at the inn, breakfast is included)
- Inn (higher-end property, generally has a restaurant, owners don't generally live at the inn)
- Boutique Hotel (more urban setting, has a 24-hour front desk, 10+ rooms, etc.)
- Hotel (30+ rooms, all rooms are generally alike)
- Cabins, Lodges, Resorts, etc. -- I'm sure you can figure these out.
Your name is not a scientific definition of your property -- it's a marketing term you use. As such, you can name your property what you like. However, if you misname your property you can expect some bad reviews. A great case in point is motels that have been upgraded to be marketed as a B&B or Inn. In our 27 years marketing small lodging properties, the only time we've had a problem where we've oversold a property is in these cases. Put simply, it's lipstick on a pig no matter how awesome the rooms are. If it walks like a duck and quacks like a duck... If you drive up to the door, it's a motel.
So what about a B&B rebranding as a Boutique Hotel to attract a younger audience? The younger audience is not going to be fooled into booking a place based on a name. They may visit your website but if they're thinking Boutique Hotel and they find B&B there's going to be a mismatch and that's never good.
Your marketing, including your name, should reflect exactly who and what you are. You never want to undersell nor oversell or your reviews will reflect the mismatch. Put simply, be true to who you are and sell what you are!
For what it's worth...
Scott Crumpton, White Stone Marketing